Developments of Islamic education in the Nordic countries
From public schools to Muslim communities
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.20377/rpb-1961Schlagworte:
Islamischer Religionsunterricht, islamischer Zusatzunterricht, nordische Länder, konfessionsloses, säkulares LuthertumAbstract
Die nordischen Länder haben zwar alle ihre eigene Geschichte und ihre eigenen Besonderheiten, aber sie teilen eine Kultur, die einerseits stark vom lutherischen Protestantismus und andererseits von einem starken Säkularisierungsprozess geprägt ist. Sie alle profilieren sich als nordische Wohlfahrtsstaaten, in denen der Staat eine aktive Rolle bei der Bereitstellung öffentlicher Dienstleistungen einschließlich der Bildung spielt. In diesem Artikel wird untersucht, wie und in welchen Formen die islamische Bildung in den nordischen Ländern entwickelt wurde. Obwohl es in den nordischen Staaten Ähnlichkeiten im Hinblick auf das Verständnis von Religion und ihrer Rolle in der Gesellschaft gibt, haben sich in diesen Ländern aufgrund der bestehenden Strukturen und Rahmenbedingungen des Religionsunterrichts unterschiedliche Formen des islamischen Religionsunterrichts herausgebildet. Der Artikel konzentriert sich auf Schweden, Norwegen, Dänemark und Finnland und befasst sich mit dem islamischen Religionsunterricht als Unterrichtsfach in öffentlichen Schulen und in privaten muslimischen Schulen in freier Trägerschaft sowie mit der Bereitstellung von islamischem Zusatzunterricht in Moscheen und Religionsgemeinschaften. Dabei werden einige Gemeinsamkeiten in den nordischen Ländern aufgedeckt, wie z. B. homogene nationale Vorstellungen, in denen der Islam und die Muslime als die „Anderen“ angesehen werden, und die wahrgenommene Bedrohung der nationalen Einheit und Integration durch den Islamunterricht.
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